Investigating the resistance of steel against building fire

Fires in buildings can lead to the collapse of walls and building structures. Therefore, huge fires in the building may be associated with many human and financial losses. Therefore, protecting building structures such as steel against fire can prevent these damages.
Because even non-combustible and strong materials such as steel may not last under the influence of high temperatures and eventually collapse. Because steel structures withstand ambient temperatures of up to 1000 degrees Fahrenheit and may lose their strength at higher temperatures. While there are different ways to protect steel structures against fire, we have tried to answer the question of how to protect steel against fire in this article from Hbboard.
Why should we protect steel structures against fire?
When it comes to building fire, we may not think that building structures such as steel may have a negative effect on the spread of fire in the building. Meanwhile, fire can affect the strength of steel structures and may eventually lead to the collapse of the building. In severe fires, it is possible to burn any material, even steel, and cause a lot of human and financial damage. Therefore, fire protection in steel structures is very important.
What are the ways to protect steel against fire?
In general, steel structures used in building are very durable against fire. Steel is a durable, non-combustible and fire-resistant material.
When the design and construction of steel structures is done correctly, they can easily withstand fire and maintain their strength in high temperatures. However, contractors try to use different strategies to protect steel structures from fire in order to prevent damage caused by falling steel structures. Protection of steel structures against fire is done by two active and passive methods.
Active fire protection
Active methods of fire protection are the ones we are all familiar with. One of the most common methods of active fire protection is the use of fire extinguishers. Active firefighting methods are used to prevent fire from spreading to other parts of the building.
Passive fire protection
This method is mostly applied to building structures and prevents fire from spreading between flammable materials in the building. In other words, it can be said that the use of passive protection methods reduces the time of possible damage caused by the collapse of the building.
Therefore, contractors use different methods to fire steel. The most common methods of fireproofing steel by passive methods are divided into two categories: reactive and non-reactive fire protection.
Non-reactive fire retardants
Non-reactive fire retardant materials include things like spray, concrete casing and boards. These materials when used on steel structures. They prevent the steel from changing its size and shape and falling when there is a fire.
chalk
Plaster is commonly used for fire protection and comes in many different combinations. Plaster can be used on metal mesh or plaster. But when using plaster layers on steel structures, great attention should be paid to the thickness of the layers. For this reason, there are different types of special plaster walls with different layer thicknesses, which may have different fire resistance.
Spray Fire Retardant Material (SFRM)
The most widely used fire protection materials for structural steel are mineral fiber and other cementitious materials that are sprayed directly on the lines of beams and columns of floors and ceilings. Fire-resistant materials (SFRM) expand and insulate structural steel to prevent failure from rapid temperature increases. SFRM is mostly used to strengthen steel structures that are hidden from view and not seen much, such as roof steel. How they are used is very important and should be used according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
Be sure to remove any dirt, oil and deposits on steel structures before using SFRM, because the presence of any kind of contamination on the structures can have a negative effect.
Sprays are used to strengthen steel structures when the steel is not exposed and the appearance of the structure is not important. It is economical to use sprays to fire steel. But they contain a number of chemicals that may be toxic to humans. For this reason, great care should be taken in using them.
False ceiling systems
False ceiling systems can protect all types of structures on the floor and roof of the building against fire. But their installation must be done according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Because false ceilings must cover all parts of the structure up to their edges to be more effective. But some building codes do not allow the use of false ceiling systems on trusses and columns that support the load of one floor of the building or more. These systems should not be used on such columns.
Reactive fire retardants
Reactive fire retardants readily initiate a chemical reaction when exposed to extreme heat. In this condition, they expand and create a fire-resistant layer on steel structures. Anti-fire coatings, for steel, an anti-H material

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